Hastelloy C-2000
About Hastelloy C-2000
Hastelloy C-2000 (UNS N06200) is a corrosion-resistant alloy known for its exceptional performance in oxidizing and reducing environments. It meets ASTM B575, B619, and B622 standards and is recognized by ASME SB-575 and NACE MR0175 for its reliability in industrial environments.
Also called Alloy C-2000, this material ensures durability in highly corrosive settings, including chemical processing, marine, and power generation industries.
Hastelloy C-2000 Basic Introduction
Hastelloy C-2000 is a high-performance superalloy designed to withstand extreme chemical conditions. Its unique chemical composition enables resistance to oxidizing and reducing agents, making it suitable for various chemical industries.
This alloy also demonstrates superior mechanical strength and thermal fatigue resistance. It operates effectively at elevated temperatures, ensuring prolonged service life in industrial applications that require exposure to fluctuating stress and thermal environments.
Alternative Superalloys of Hastelloy C-2000
Alternatives to Hastelloy C-2000 include other Hastelloy grades, such as Hastelloy C-276 and Hastelloy C-22, both known for their corrosion resistance in severe environments. Inconel 625 may also serve as a substitute where mechanical strength is critical. Additionally, Monel 400 is suitable for less demanding chemical conditions where resistance to hydrofluoric acid is needed.
Hastelloy C-2000 Design Intention
The design of Hastelloy C-2000 aims to provide a corrosion-resistant material that performs well under harsh chemical conditions. Its high chromium content ensures resistance to oxidizing agents, while molybdenum and copper enhance performance in reducing environments. This alloy is ideal for chemical reactors, heat exchangers, and pollution control equipment, where exposure to acids and chlorides is frequent.
Hastelloy C-2000 Chemical Composition
The alloy's components ensure outstanding resistance to diverse environments. High chromium levels improve oxidizing resistance, while molybdenum and tungsten provide strength against reducing agents.
Element | Composition (%) |
|---|---|
Nickel (Ni) | Balance |
Chromium (Cr) | 22.0-24.0 |
Molybdenum (Mo) | 15.0-17.0 |
Iron (Fe) | 3.0-6.0 |
Tungsten (W) | 2.5-4.5 |
Carbon (C) | 0.015 max |
Silicon (Si) | 0.08 max |
Hastelloy C-2000 Physical Properties
Hastelloy C-2000's physical properties enable high performance under extreme environmental conditions.
Property | Value |
|---|---|
Density (g/cm³) | 8.8 |
Melting Point (°C) | 1357 |
Thermal Conductivity (W/(m·K)) | 10.7 |
Modulus of Elasticity (GPa) | 204 |
Metallographic Structure of Hastelloy C-2000
Hastelloy C-2000 is a nickel-based alloy with a solid-solution structure. This microstructure contributes to its excellent mechanical properties and corrosion resistance. Chromium within the matrix ensures passivation, forming a protective layer that guards against corrosion. Molybdenum, evenly distributed throughout the structure, enhances resistance to localized corrosion such as pitting and crevice corrosion.
The alloy retains its mechanical integrity in high-temperature environments due to its stable microstructure. This makes Hastelloy C-2000 highly suitable for demanding industrial applications.
Hastelloy C-2000 Mechanical Properties
Hastelloy C-2000 exhibits high mechanical strength across a wide temperature range, ensuring reliable performance under challenging conditions.
Property | Value |
|---|---|
Tensile Strength (MPa) | 825-860 |
Yield Strength (MPa) | 400-450 |
Hardness (HRC) | Rockwell C25-35 |
Elongation (%) | ~45% |
Elastic Modulus (GPa) | ~210 |
Key Features of Hastelloy C-2000 Superalloy
Corrosion Resistance Hastelloy C-2000 resists oxidizing and reducing agents, ensuring superior performance in harsh chemical environments.
High-Temperature Performance With excellent mechanical properties at elevated temperatures, this alloy performs reliably in high-temperature industrial settings.
Mechanical Strength Its high tensile and yield strength ensure durability under heavy loads and extreme operating conditions.
Thermal Fatigue Resistance The alloy withstands thermal cycling, making it ideal for applications with fluctuating temperatures.
Long Service Life Hastelloy C-2000 offers extended durability, reducing maintenance needs and increasing operational efficiency.
Hastelloy X Superalloy’s Machinability
Hastelloy X can be used for Vacuum Investment Casting because of its excellent resistance to high temperatures and oxidation. Its fluidity makes it suitable for complex casting shapes in aerospace applications.
However, single crystal casting is not ideal for Hastelloy X, as it lacks the microstructural requirements to form single-crystal structures for turbine blade applications.
Equiaxed Crystal Casting is feasible with Hastelloy X due to its good grain formation during solidification, making it appropriate for structural components exposed to thermal stress.
Superalloy Directional Casting is unsuitable for Hastelloy X since it does not benefit from directional solidification, which is essential for applications requiring superior creep strength.
Hastelloy X can be used for Powder Metallurgy Turbine Disc due to its excellent high-temperature performance and fatigue resistance, ideal for aerospace turbine components.
Superalloy Precision Forging is viable with Hastelloy X because of its strength and workability under thermal conditions, making it suitable for forged components.
Superalloy 3D Printing is not ideal for Hastelloy X due to challenges with layer fusion, making additive manufacturing processes less effective.
Superalloy CNC Machining is suitable for Hastelloy X, as it can be machined with precision tools and techniques optimized for high-temperature materials.
Hastelloy X is suitable for Superalloy Welding due to its good weldability, although pre- and post-weld heat treatment is recommended to avoid cracking.
Hot Isostatic Pressing (HIP) is commonly used with Hastelloy X to eliminate porosity in cast components, improving mechanical properties and longevity.
Hastelloy X Superalloy Applications
Aerospace and Aviation: Hastelloy X is widely used in jet engine components, afterburners, and combustion chambers due to its resistance to oxidation and high temperatures.
Power Generation: It is ideal for gas turbines and heat exchangers, ensuring durability under thermal cycling in power plants.
Oil and Gas: Hastelloy X provides corrosion resistance in extreme environments, such as refinery equipment exposed to harsh chemicals.
Energy: Its strength and resistance to high temperatures make it ideal for energy systems requiring reliability in thermal environments.
Marine: In marine applications, Hastelloy X performs well in seawater-exposed components, resisting corrosion and stress cracking.
Mining: It is used in wear-resistant parts of mining equipment, ensuring long service life in abrasive conditions.
Automotive: Hastelloy X finds applications in exhaust systems and high-performance engine components.
Chemical Processing: Its resistance to oxidizing and reducing environments makes it suitable for chemical reactors and heat exchangers.
Pharmaceutical and Food: It is used for corrosion-resistant piping and valves in food and pharmaceutical manufacturing.
Military and Defense: Hastelloy X is used in defense systems for components requiring durability under extreme conditions.
Nuclear: It performs reliably in nuclear reactors, offering strength and stability at high temperatures.
When to Choose Hastelloy X Superalloy
Hastelloy X is ideal for industries requiring high-performance materials in challenging environments. Its ability to withstand temperatures up to 1100°C makes it suitable for aerospace, power generation, and petrochemical industries.
For custom superalloy parts requiring precision, durability, and resistance to thermal fatigue, Hastelloy X offers a reliable solution. It is precious for custom superalloy parts in jet engines, gas turbines, and industrial heat exchangers. The alloy's long service life and mechanical stability make it a top material for systems exposed to mechanical and thermal stress.
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