Hastelloy G-30
About Hastelloy G-30
Name and Equivalent Name: Hastelloy G-30, known by the UNS designation N06030, is a highly corrosion-resistant superalloy. It complies with ASTM B582, DIN/EN 2.4603, GB/T 14992: NS332, AMS 5927, and NACE MR0175 standards. It is also referred to as Alloy G-30 or NiCr31FeMoWCu.
Hastelloy G-30 Basic Introduction
Hastelloy G-30 is a nickel-based alloy developed to enhance corrosion resistance, especially in wet-process phosphoric acid production. Its excellent resistance to chemical attack from oxidizing acids makes it suitable for various chemical processing applications.
The alloy performs well under cyclic stress conditions and maintains mechanical stability across a broad temperature range, from 600°C to 800°C. It resists pitting and crevice corrosion, ensuring long service life in highly corrosive environments such as chemical reactors, heat exchangers, and piping systems.
Alternative Superalloys of Hastelloy G-30
Alternatives to Hastelloy G-30 include Hastelloy C-22, which offers better resistance to oxidizing agents, and Inconel 625, which is known for superior high-temperature strength. Monel 400 performs well in marine environments, while Alloy 20 is optimized for handling sulfuric acid. Each alloy offers distinct advantages for different corrosive conditions.
Hastelloy G-30 Design Intention
Hastelloy G-30 was designed for chemical processing industries requiring resistance to wet-process phosphoric acid and other aggressive chemicals. Its combination of nickel, chromium, and molybdenum provides strong resistance to pitting, crevice corrosion, and stress corrosion cracking.
The alloy’s excellent performance under cyclic stress conditions ensures reliability in critical components such as piping systems, reactors, and heat exchangers. Withstanding high temperatures, Hastelloy G-30 is suitable for applications involving fluctuating thermal loads.
Hastelloy G-30 Chemical Composition
The alloy’s chemical composition ensures corrosion resistance and mechanical stability in demanding environments.
Element | Content (wt%) |
|---|---|
Nickel (Ni) | 43.0 - 48.0 |
Chromium (Cr) | 28.0 - 31.5 |
Molybdenum (Mo) | 4.0 - 6.0 |
Iron (Fe) | 13.0 - 17.0 |
Tungsten (W) | 1.5 - 4.0 |
Carbon (C) | Max 0.03 |
Silicon (Si) | Max 1.0 |
Hastelloy G-30 Physical Properties
The physical properties of Hastelloy G-30 make it ideal for high-temperature and corrosive environments.
Property | Value |
|---|---|
Density (g/cm³) | 8.22 |
Melting Point (°C) | 1399 |
Thermal Conductivity (W/(m·K)) | 6.2 |
Modulus of Elasticity (GPa) | 195 |
Metallographic Structure of Hastelloy G-30 Superalloy
Hastelloy G-30 features a face-centered cubic (FCC) microstructure, providing high toughness and resistance to cracking. The alloy’s balanced composition ensures stability during thermal cycling and prevents phase separation or embrittlement under high stress.
Its microstructure minimizes the formation of grain boundary carbides, reducing the risk of intergranular corrosion after welding or heat exposure. This stability ensures the long-term performance of Hastelloy G-30 in demanding chemical processing environments.
Hastelloy G-30 Mechanical Properties
Hastelloy G-30 demonstrates excellent mechanical strength, making it suitable for critical industrial components.
Mechanical Property | Value |
|---|---|
Tensile Strength (MPa) | 690 - 725 |
Yield Strength (MPa) | 310 - 400 |
Creep Strength | Effective at 650-800°C |
Fracture Toughness | Good |
Fatigue Strength | Strong in cyclic stress environments |
Thermal Fatigue Resistance | High |
Creep Rupture Life | Long service at 600°C |
Hardness (HRC) | Rockwell C20 - 30 |
Elongation (%) | ~50 |
Elastic Modulus (GPa) | ~210 |
Key Features of Hastelloy G-30 Superalloy
1. Superior Corrosion Resistance
Hastelloy G-30 offers excellent resistance to wet-process phosphoric acid, making it suitable for chemical reactors, scrubbers, and heat exchangers in chemical processing industries.
2. High Mechanical Strength
With a tensile strength ranging from 690 to 725 MPa, the alloy is well-suited for high-stress environments, ensuring durability in piping systems and other critical components.
3. Cyclic Stress Resistance
The alloy performs well under cyclic loading, making it ideal for applications subject to repeated thermal or mechanical stresses, such as reactors and heat exchangers.
4. Thermal Stability
Hastelloy G-30 maintains its mechanical properties at 600°C and 800°C, making it practical for thermal cycling applications.
5. Long Service Life
The alloy’s resistance to pitting, crevice corrosion, and stress corrosion cracking ensures minimal maintenance, offering long-term performance and reliability.
Hastelloy G-30 Superalloy’s Machinability
Vacuum Investment Casting: Hastelloy G-30 is not ideal for Vacuum Investment Casting because its high iron content reduces castability. Alloys with greater fluidity are preferred for complex, precision components.
Single Crystal Casting: Hastelloy G-30 is not used for Single Crystal Casting as it lacks the required crystallographic structure and creep strength necessary for single-crystal applications, such as turbine blades.
Equiaxed Crystal Casting: While Equiaxed Crystal Casting is feasible with Hastelloy G-30, the alloy’s primary advantage lies in corrosion resistance rather than high mechanical performance.
Directional Casting: Hastelloy G-30 is not recommended for Superalloy Directional Casting due to insufficient thermal fatigue and creep resistance required for components exposed to directional solidification processes.
Powder Metallurgy Turbine Disc: The alloy is not ideal for Powder Metallurgy Turbine Disc production, as its mechanical properties under extreme stress are not optimized for turbine disc applications.
Precision Forging: Hastelloy G-30 performs well in Superalloy Precision Forging, creating components with superior corrosion resistance and structural reliability for the chemical industry.
Superalloy 3D Printing: Hastelloy G-30 can be used in Superalloy 3D Printing to produce customized parts with excellent resistance to corrosive environments, such as chemical reactors and heat exchangers.
CNC Machining: CNC Machining of Hastelloy G-30 requires specialized tools due to its work-hardening nature, ensuring precision and surface finish in industrial components.
Superalloy Welding: Superalloy Welding is practical with Hastelloy G-30. Its low carbon content minimizes carbide precipitation, ensuring corrosion-resistant and durable welds.
Hot Isostatic Pressing (HIP): Hot Isostatic Pressing (HIP) improves the density and mechanical properties of Hastelloy G-30, eliminating porosity and enhancing its structural integrity.
Hastelloy G-30 Superalloy Applications
Aerospace and Aviation: Hastelloy G-30 finds application in Aerospace and Aviation for exhaust systems and chemical handling components, providing resistance to corrosive environments.
Power Generation: In Power Generation, the alloy is used in heat exchangers and gas scrubbers, offering excellent resistance to corrosion from aggressive chemicals.
Oil and Gas: Hastelloy G-30 is employed in Oil and Gas pipelines, valves, and reactors exposed to harsh chemicals, ensuring extended service life.
Energy: Hastelloy G-30 is essential in Energy systems for chemical reactors and storage tanks, providing corrosion resistance under high temperatures and fluctuating conditions.
Marine: In Marine environments, Hastelloy G-30 ensures durability in desalination systems and chemical handling equipment exposed to saltwater and harsh chemicals.
Mining: The alloy is used in Mining for equipment such as chemical extractors, providing corrosion resistance and mechanical reliability under extreme operating conditions.
Automotive: Hastelloy G-30 serves in Automotive applications for components exposed to corrosive gases and high temperatures, such as exhaust systems.
Chemical Processing: In chemical processing, the alloy is widely used in reactors, heat exchangers, and scrubbers to handle aggressive chemicals, including wet phosphoric acid.
Pharmaceutical and Food: Hastelloy G-30 supports the Pharmaceutical and Food industries by providing corrosion-resistant equipment that meets stringent hygiene standards.
Military and Defense: The alloy finds use in Military and Defense for chemical storage and handling systems, offering superior corrosion resistance under extreme conditions.
Nuclear: Hastelloy G-30 is applied in Nuclear reactors and cooling systems, providing durability and corrosion resistance under high pressure and temperature.
When to Choose Hastelloy G-30 Superalloy
Custom superalloy parts made from Hastelloy G-30 are the ideal choice when both corrosion resistance and mechanical reliability are essential. The alloy is specifically designed to handle aggressive chemicals, such as wet phosphoric acid, ensuring long service life in chemical processing and power generation industries.
Hastelloy G-30 is best suited for environments exposed to fluctuating thermal loads and cyclic stress, as it maintains its structural integrity under these conditions. For energy, marine, or aerospace applications, the alloy provides dependable performance with minimal maintenance. Select Hastelloy G-30 when your operations demand high corrosion resistance, thermal stability, and mechanical strength.
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